Bugis Tribe History

History
Origins
Bugis is a tribe belonging to the tribes Deutero Malays. Go to the archipelago after the first wave of migration from mainland Asia rather Yunan.
The word "Bugis" derives from the word To Ugi, which means the Bugis. Naming "ugi" refers to the first king of the Chinese empire contained in Pammana, Wajo today, namely La Sattumpugi. When the people of La Sattumpugi named themselves, then they refer to their king. They dub themselves as To Ugi or people or followers of La Sattumpugi. He is the father of Sattumpugi We Cudai and sisters with Batara Lattu, his father from Sawerigading. Sawerigading itself is the husband of We Cudai and bore some children, including La Galigo that make the greatest literary works in the world with a total of approximately 9000 folio pages. Sawerigading Opunna Ware (his lordship in Ware) is a story that stated in I La Galigo literary works in the tradition of the Bugis community. Sawerigading story is known in the community tradition Luwuk, Kaili, Gorontalo and some other traditions such as the Buton in Sulawesi.
Development
During its development, this community grow and formed several kingdoms. This community then develop the culture, language, literacy, and governance of their own. Some classic Bugis kingdom among others Luwu, Bone, Wajo, Soppeng, Suppa, Sawitto, Sidenreng and Rappang. Although scattered and formed Bugis, but the process of marriage caused by consanguinity Makassar and Mandar.
Currently Bugis people scattered in several regencies of Luwu, Bone, Wajo, Soppeng, Sidrap, Pinrang, Barru. Transition area between the Bugis Makassar is Bulukumba, Sinjai, Maros, Pangkajene Islands. Bugis with Mandar transition area is the district community policing and Pinrang. Luwu Kingdom is considered the oldest kingdom with the kingdom of China (which later became Pammana), Mario (later became part Soppeng) and afternoon (the area in Pangkajene Islands)
Early Empire
Bone Kingdom
Bone area of disorder for seven generations, which subsequently appeared a known Manurungnge To Manurung ri Matajang. Seven small kings inaugurated Manurungnge ri Matajang as their king and their names became Arumpone legislative council known as pitue ade.
Kingdom of Makassar
In the 12th century, 13, and 14 feet kingdom of Gowa, Soppeng, Bone, and Wajo, which begins with a social crisis, where people prey on each other like fish. Kingdom of Makassar (Gowa), then co-founded the kingdom, the kingdom Tallo. But in its development, the twin kingdoms (Gowa and Tallo) back together into the kingdom of Makassar (Gowa).
Soppeng Kingdom
In the event of chaos, two people appeared in Soppeng To Manurung. First, a woman known by the name Manurungnge Goarie ri ri who then ruled Soppeng Aja. and second, a man named La Temmamala Manurungnge Sekkanyili ri ri Soppeng ruling in Lau. Finally, two kingdoms into the silk Soppeng twin.
Wajo Kingdom
While the royal Wajo derived from the communes of different directions Lampulungeng gathered around the lake that has led a supernatural ability called puangnge lampulung ri. Now, while he, the commune is moving to Boli headed by a person who also has supernatural abilities. Lapaukke arrival of a prince of the kingdom of China (Pammana) for some time afterward, and then build the kingdom Cinnotabi. Over the past five generations, this kingdom was dissolved and formed the Kingdom Wajo.
The conflict between the Kingdom
In the 15th century when the kingdoms of Gowa and Bone began to strengthen, and Soppeng and Wajo began to emerge, then the border conflict in the political domination and economic control of inter-kingdom. Bone kingdom expanded its territory to meet with the region in Bulukumba Gowa. Meanwhile, in the north, met Luwu Bone Walennae River. Medium Wajo, also slowly expanding their territory. While Soppeng expand westward until at Barru.
The war between Luwu and won by Bone and Bone rob the royal umbrella Luwu then unite their kingdoms. Walennae River is the economic point of Tempe Lake and Lake Sidenreng toward the Gulf of Bone. To maintain its position, Luwu build alliances with Wajo, by attacking some regions of Bone and Sidenreng. Next Luwu region increasingly shifted to the north and controlled Wajo through conquest or merger. Wajo then scrape with a Bone. Invasion of Gowa and Bone, and seized several areas conquered Wajo and Soppeng. To deal with the hegemony of Gowa, Bone kingdom, make alliances Wajo and Soppeng called "tellumpoccoe".
The spread of Islam
In the early 17th century, Islam came from Minangkabau announcer on the orders of Sultan Iskandar Muda of Aceh. They are Abdul Makmur (ri Datuk Flush) which convert the Gowa and Tallo, Suleiman (Datuk Patimang) to spread Islam in Luwu, and Nurdin Ariyani (Datuk ri Tiro) the broadcast of Islam in Bulukumba. [3]
Dutch Colonialism
Mid-17th century, there was fierce competition between Gowa with VOC to occur several times a battle. While Arumpone arrested in Gowa and led to resistance led by La Tenri Tatta Palakka Daeng Daeng Serang. Sporting Palakka Turatea supported by the silk berhianat the kingdom of Makassar and Gowa. While supported by the daughter of Sultan Hasanuddin La Tenri Lai Sporting Tosengngeng Matowa Wajo, Maradia Mandar, and Datu Luwu. Devastating war that resulted in many casualties Gowa & allies. This defeat resulted in the signing of the Treaty of adverse Bongaya kingdom of Gowa.
Datu's daughter's wedding Lapatau Luwu, Datu Soppeng, and the Somba of Gowa is a process of reconciliation of conflicts in the South Sulawesi peninsula. After that no major war adalagi until later in the year 1905-1906 after a fight Sultan Husayn Karaeng Lembang Machetes and La Pawawoi Karaeng Segeri Arumpone extinguished, the Makassar and Bugis people just can truly conquered the Netherlands. Empty local leadership resulted in the Dutch published Veklaring Korte, namely a short agreement concerning the appointment of the king as a recovery of the kingdom which had vacant after the conquest. Kingdom is no longer sovereign, but merely an extension of Dutch East Indies colonial government powers, until the Japanese later emerged the Netherlands shifted to the establishment of Homeland.
Independence Period
The kings of the archipelago got the insistence by the government of the Old Order (Soekarno) to dissolve their empire and melt in the container Homeland. In 1950-1960s, Indonesia is particularly preoccupied with the rebellion in South Sulawesi. This rebellion led many Bugis people leave their homes. In the New Order era, the cultural periphery, such as in Sulawesi culture truly marginalized so that increasingly eroded. Now the young generation of Makassar and Bugis are the generation that consumes more material culture as a result of modernization, the loss of identity due to the pattern of education of the New Order that marginalizes their culture. Along with the current reform Therefore, they discourse of division. Mandar region form a new province of West Sulawesi. Rulers Luwu district. While many districts and villages are also divided. But unfortunately the land does not become broader, even more narrow due to the increase of population and migration.
Livelihood
Because the Bugis community spread across the fertile lowland and coastal areas, most of the Bugis people living as farmers and fishermen. Other livelihoods are interested in the Bugis traders. Also the Bugis people also filled the government bureaucracy and work on education.
Makassar overseas
Makassar tribe expertise in ocean sailing quite well known, and they went up to the overseas territory of Malaysia, the Philippines, Brunei, Thailand, Australia, Madagascar and South Africa. In fact, on the outskirts of Cape Town, South Africa, there is a suburb named Maccassar, as a sign of local residents to remember their ancestors homeland.
Causes wander
The conflict between the kingdom of Bugis and Makassar and Bugis kingdom conflicts fellow century-16th, 17th, 18th and 19th, causing no quiet area of South Sulawesi. This caused the number of Bugis people migrated mainly in the coastal areas. In addition wander culture also driven by the desire for independence. Happiness in Buginese tradition can only be achieved through independence.
Bugis in East Kalimantan
Some Wajo Bugis people of the kingdom of Gowa who would not submit and adhere to the agreement Bongaja, they still continue the struggle and the guerrilla insurgency against the Dutch and others fled to other islands of which there is a move to the area of Kutai Sultanate, namely entourage led by Lamohang Mangkona Daeng (titled Pua Ado first). Arrival Wajo Bugis people of the Kingdom of Gowa was well received by the Sultan of Kutai.
Consent and agreement, by the King of Kutai entourage was given location around the village take the floor, a good low-lying areas to the business of Agriculture, Fisheries and Trade. In accordance with the agreement that the Bugis people of all interests Wajo must help the King of Kutai, especially in the face the enemy.
All of these groups chose the area around the estuary of the Coral Mumus (Selili regions across) but raises difficulties in this area because the areas that have current voyage round (berulak) with lots of dirt river. In addition to the background of the mountains (Mount Selili).
Makassar and Bugis in Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia
Having mastered the kingdom of Gowa by the VOC in the mid-17th century, many Malays and Minangkabau nomads who occupy positions at Bugis kingdom of Gowa with other people, participating leave Sulawesi to the kingdoms in the land of the Malays. Here they are involved in political struggles over the kingdoms of the Malays. Until this time many kings in Johor which is a descendant of Makassar.